Move to Cleveland Instead
This is an excerpt from The Embers of Gentrification, about the failure of Red Hook (a relatively isolated corner of Brooklyn) to follow the pattern of "viral gentrification" -- which starts with poor artistic types moving into low-rent areas and ends with 14 Baby Gaps -- that's consumed a large part of New York:
Greg O’Connell is a former police detective who started buying in Red Hook in 1982; he now owns four massive waterfront buildings, including the pre–Civil War–era coffee warehouse that’s home to the Fairway grocery store. Partly out of necessity, and partly out of temperament, he’s also become a bit of an amateur urbanist; one resident described his role in the neighborhood as "part Andy Griffith, part Boss Hogg." When he arrives to meet me in his battle-scarred pickup truck, there’s a copy of Jane Jacobs’s The Death and Life of Great American Cities lying among a scatter of papers on the dashboard—part of his homework, he explains, as he’s been invited to participate in a panel at the Municipal Arts Society called "The Oversuccessful City, Part One: Developers’ Realities."
O’Connell’s reality is that he’s done very well in Red Hook, thank you very much. But he’s also worked to nurture the area, offering subsidized spaces to artists and carpenters and craftspeople who live and work in the neighborhood. He’s no bleary-eyed romantic when it comes to the city’s past; he remembers patrolling boarded-up blocks on the Upper West Side in the late sixties, in neighborhoods he describes as "real buckets of blood."
But even he thinks that a recession—in essence, a gentrification stop-work order—would be welcome. "It used to be that if you were from Okefenokee," he tells me, "and you were the best dancer in the world, the idea was that you could come to this city to make it. You’d live three in a room if you had to. But now the three-in-a-room places are disappearing. And you need that balance or you choke the life from the city." He worries that New York will eventually price out the people who started this cycle in the first place. "If I were a young man with a lot of money," he says, "you know where I’d go? Buffalo." He’s not kidding. He’d buy up a lot of underused waterfront property on the cheap, then sit down with the local politicians and community groups to draft a plan for attracting the creative types who reinvigorate neighborhoods, block by block.[emphasis mine]
My sentiments exactly.....
6 Comments:
Gritty, crime-ridden=artists paradise? Give me a break. This latest developer mentality has to stop. People need police protection and city services. Artists aren't miracle workers. My sister lived in Red Hook, she now lives in Bloomfield Hills, MI.
No, you're right- artists aren't miracle workers. I don't think it's the gritty, crime-ridden aspect so much that attracts artists as the relative cheapness (there's nothing *cheap* in New York anymore). Although, sometimes I wonder if there aren't just as many people who fancy themselves artists who just romanticize poverty and want to seem tough by living in run-down areas.
That said, part of me would love a mass-exodus of artists from NYC to a place where genuine cheapness can be found: here. (A small exodus, at least. New York can spare 100,000 people or so without noticing...but it would make a huge difference here.)
I also question the idea of developers using this tried-and-true formula...but sometimes it seems to work, especially in places with lots of assets like good housing stock and mixed-use development. It didn't work so much in Red Hook because Red Hook was missing one thing that's crucial to life in NYC: a subway stop.
Ramped-up police protection seems to come with phase 2 of gentrification - when the monied young professionals start to move in. (At least, that was my observation about NYC. I can count on one hand the number of cops I've seen in the two weeks we've been here.) Sometimes on my way to the subway after work in NYC I'd pass a line of about 10 cops with huge slavering dogs. Why? Terrorism. What about the more imminent threat of street crime that we have in Cleveland? I'd definitely welcome more police here.
I'm deeply divided on the issue of gentrification. I recall becoming aware of it around age 20, when I was living off of Memphis...I used to take the Clark Ave bus that goes through Tremont - this was about the time Tremont started being "hip," I think. I remember thinking, "if rich people move in here, what happens to the people who already live here? Where do they go? Is that fair?" I've spent the time since then wrestling with variations on that question and I don't have any good answers.....
All I know is that I feel like I'm making a difference, however small, when I spend what little money I've got in Cleveland-based businesses on a daily basis. There's not much of a feelgood factor about this for me - in fact, whenever I'm spending money at the WSM I feel a sense of disappointment about all the people who aren't.
Just to clarify what I said here:
"I also question the idea of developers using this tried-and-true formula...but sometimes it seems to work, especially in places with lots of assets like good housing stock and mixed-use development."
By *work*, I mean clean up areas with lots of crime, not destroy and homogenize unique neighborhoods by installing cookie-cutter development and "upscale" chain stores and Starbucks. There's a delicate balance - I'm not sure if it's possible to arrest a neighborhood's revitalization *at* the revitalization stage, before it proceeds to outright gentrification (does that make sense? I think it has to do with preserving housing options at all income levels.) I hope it's possible.
So where did you choose to settle down in Cleveland now that you are back? Believe it or not, my neighborhood is much safer than the so-called arts enclave of Tremont. Brooklyn Centre and Slavic Village are getting the shaft. Don't believe what you are told by outsiders. Live here and you will know the truth.
Hi BBC,
I believe you about Brooklyn Centre and Slavic Village. We just went to the Bohemian National Hall, which I love, last week and then drove out to the Garfield Reservation. Neighborhoods on hard times need people like you that care fiercely about them. We ended up moving to Ohio City because I've always wanted to live by the West Side Market. I don't regret it a bit; both of our families have history in this neighborhood (I have a family connection to your neck of the woods, too - my mom grew up around there!) and I think that goes a long way towards taking responsibility for a place.
Alright, at least you are within city limits. Did you get a job with CPL, yet? Keep plugging away at them. Page, clerk, computer aide--don't mention the library degree right away. Just apply for anything to get with the union. Welcome home.
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